Diabetes Mellitus is the name given to a group of conditions that occurs when the level of glucose in the blood becomes higher than normal.
There is no cure for diabetes, but certain lifestyle changes and proper medication go a long way in the management of diabetes.
Treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Insulin injections
People suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus are prescribed insulin injections daily. Insulin can’t be given in tablet form as the stomach would digest it, just as it digests food. Any missed injection may lead to elevated glucose levels and the person may land in a potentially life threatening condition called as diabetic ketoacidosis. This condition needs urgent medical help and hospitalization. Hence these people must be very particular about taking the insulin injections regularly.
Healthy eating
Healthy dietary habits are necessary in the effective management of type 1 diabetes.
Careful monitoring of blood glucose levels at home
The persons suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus need to monitor their blood glucose levels regularly at home. This can be done with the help of blood glucose meters. If they notice any rise in the level of blood glucose they need to seek immediate help from their doctor.
Regular blood and urine tests with the doctor or endocrinologist
Type 1 diabetics should undergo routine health checkups and regularly visit their doctor for blood tests and urine tests to monitor the blood glucose levels.
Treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Oral medications
Oral medications that include antidiabetic tablets are prescribed. The main line of treatment in this case is to keep the blood glucose levels under control and to prevent any complications of diabetes.
Insulin injections
People suffering from type 2 diabetes are prescribed insulin injections only when their blood glucose levels are higher than normal even after taking antidiabetic tablets, regular exercise and healthy eating habits.
Healthy eating habits
A balanced and healthy diet is recommended for diabetics. They need to cut down on saturated fats. Dairy products like cheese, ice creams and fried foods are high in saturated fats and may lead to increase in the level of blood glucose. Small intake of unsaturated fats like olive oil, nuts and seeds is recommended as they have beneficiary effects on the heart and blood cholesterol. Diet should include fruits and vegetables as they are high in fiber. The fiber helps in making the person feel full and is rich in vitamins and minerals. A healthy diet helps in weight loss in obese people and increases energy and stamina. Weight management is very essential in the management of diabetes mellitus as obesity only worsens the symptoms.
Regular exercise
Walking is the best exercise and it is recommended by the doctors in order to lose weight and stay healthy. Regular exercise also plays a key role in the management of diabetes.
Routine checkups with the doctor
Routine checkups with the doctor are necessary for early detection of any diabetic complications and their effective treatment.
Monitoring blood glucose levels.
Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential.
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