Asperger’s syndrome is also called as Asperger’s disorder. It is one of the autism spectrum disorders. Asperger’s syndrome is a developmental disorder that affects how a person makes sense of the world, processes information and relates to other people.
What is an Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Autism spectrum disorders are lifelong developmental disabilities characterized by impairment in language and communication skills, as well as repetitive or restrictive patterns of thought and behavior and marked difficulties in social interaction. The word ‘spectrum’ is used because the range and severity of the difficulties people with an ASD experience can vary widely. Other forms of autism spectrum disorders are autistic disorder and pervasive developmental disorder which is also known as atypical autism.
Asperger’s Syndrome is a disorder and not an illness
Asperger’s Syndrome is a neurological disorder that is present from birth. It is not a disease or illness. There is no cure for Asperger’s syndrome, however, the effects of this disorder often lessen as people get older and learn coping skills.
Individuals with Asperger’s disorder often experience marked difficulties with social interaction and social communication. There are unable to read the expressions and body language of others. They cannot understand the feelings of others. They are unable to form friendships. Children usually tend to play alone or with adults and older children.
They are extremely sensitive to criticism. If things don’t happen the way they want them to happen they tend to display violent temper and acts of aggression. Their behavior is very erratic and eccentric. They always adhere to strict routines and schedules and expect other family members to do the same. They cannot cope well with any change in routine.
Individuals with Asperger’s Syndrome can be very talented
Children with Asperger’s syndrome often have excellent rote memory. They may display above average intelligence level. They have narrow interest and are focused on one subject only. Sometimes children with Asperger’s syndrome are also called as little professors because they can talk in great depth about one subject.
History of Asperger’s Syndrome
Asperger’s syndrome first came into light in 1944. It was brought into attention by Hans Asperger who was a Viennese child psychologist. He published the first definition of Asperger’s syndrome in 1944. In four boys, he identified a pattern of behavior and abilities that he called “autistic psychopathy”. The pattern included “a lack of empathy, little ability to form friendships, one-sided conversation, intense absorption in a special interest, and clumsy movements.”
Incidence of Asperger’s Syndrome
The incidence of AS is not well established. Clinical studies estimate that two out of every 10,000 children have the disorder. This disorder is more common in boys than in girls. Boys are three to four times more likely than girls to have Asperger’s syndrome. Asperger’s syndrome is diagnosed mainly in children but the effects continue into adulthood.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of AS is mainly based on symptomatic evaluation as there is no standardized diagnostic screening procedure. There is no cure for Asperger’s syndrome but the quality of life of the affected individuals can be improved considerably by teaching them coping skills.